{"id":12886,"date":"2025-05-22T07:39:15","date_gmt":"2025-05-22T06:39:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icertpublication.com\/?page_id=12886"},"modified":"2026-03-03T15:45:11","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T10:15:11","slug":"songs-and-music-as-tools-for-effective-teaching-and-learning-of-french-as-foreign-language-in-nigeria","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/songs-and-music-as-tools-for-effective-teaching-and-learning-of-french-as-foreign-language-in-nigeria\/","title":{"rendered":"Songs And Music As Tools For Effective Teaching And Learning Of French As Foreign Language In Nigeria"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"12886\" class=\"elementor elementor-12886\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-451c340 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"451c340\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f1da9f2\" data-id=\"f1da9f2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53718eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"53718eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Edumania-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71f0a42 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"71f0a42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vol-03, Issue-2 (Apr-Jun 2025)<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f81aa64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f81aa64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">An International scholarly\/ academic journal, peer-reviewed\/ refereed journal, ISSN : 2960-0006<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9080db8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9080db8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cd15f67\" data-id=\"cd15f67\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6b6fab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a6b6fab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Songs And Music As Tools For Effective Teaching And Learning Of French As Foreign Language In Nigeria<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-100cad6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"100cad6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria,serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Balogun, Thomas Akanbi<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\"><span style=\"background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;\">Department of European Languages Education, Faculty of Arts, Emmanuel Alyande University of Education, OYO, OYO State, Nigeria<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-20421c9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"20421c9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-17b25c0\" data-id=\"17b25c0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1817fbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1817fbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-df929e4\" data-id=\"df929e4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-834bbb8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"834bbb8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.2; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">DOI: <\/span><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/edumania\/9122\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #0563c1; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/edumania\/9122<\/span><\/a><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.2; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Page No.: 135\u2013151<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.2; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Subject: Language Education \/ French Pedagogy \/ Instructional Media<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b97a7a2\" data-id=\"b97a7a2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86bd0a6 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"86bd0a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.2; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Received: Jan 03, 2025<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.2; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Accepted: Feb 17, 2025<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.2; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Published: April 01, 2025<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2215ad4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2215ad4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.2; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Thematic Classification: French as a Foreign Language (FFL), Musical Mnemonics, Pedagogy in Nigeria, Foreign Language Acquisition, Auditory Learning.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d8cdab9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d8cdab9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-539b7f1\" data-id=\"539b7f1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f55d141 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f55d141\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"Edumania-v3-i2-9A\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Abstract\n<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce7677b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ce7677b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria,serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">The world of our time is going music wise. Most of the people in the world nowadays are adherents of music. It is no doubt that youths today can be qualified as being considerable addicted to music as they can barely do nothing without it. Many young ones and even some adults inclusive are inclined to listening to music than for them to read novels or books. Their areas of interest on daily life\u2019s activities could be much more concentrated on recreations and music. Some are addicted to music to the extent that they could hardly perform any task a day without music. In view of this, in order to attract or support learners\u2019 learning sensation, songs and music can be effective and beneficial tools to teach French language to our students with great pleasure. Considering the advantages of these tools will help in looking into how the learners could be motivated by them to develop some skills in foreign (French) language\u2019s linguistic structures through melodious songs. In this paper, we have anticipated to delve into how the use of songs and music can help learners improve in developing the four linguistic skills (oral and written expressions as well as oral and written comprehension), reflect culture and increase their feeling of pleasure in learning French language.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria,serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Key words:<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria,serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">songs and music, tools, linguistic competence<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a95ebb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3a95ebb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f89b0f\" data-id=\"6f89b0f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e91d8f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e91d8f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"Edumania-v3-i2-9i\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Impact Statement\n<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0790c50 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0790c50\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 14pt; margin-bottom: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria,serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">This study investigates the pedagogical effectiveness of integrating songs and music into the teaching and learning of French as a foreign language in Nigeria. It underscores how musical elements can enhance language acquisition, improve pronunciation, boost vocabulary retention, and increase learner motivation in a multicultural and multilingual context.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 14pt; margin-bottom: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria,serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">The impact of this research is significant in the field of language education, especially within the Nigerian educational system, where French is a key foreign language. By demonstrating how music serves as a powerful cognitive and emotional tool, the study offers practical insights for curriculum developers, language instructors, and educational policymakers. It encourages the adoption of creative, learner-centered approaches that not only make language learning more enjoyable but also more effective, especially for young and beginner-level learners.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 14pt; margin-bottom: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria,serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Furthermore, the findings contribute to the growing body of research advocating for the integration of arts in education, reinforcing the role of culturally responsive teaching strategies in achieving linguistic competence and fostering intercultural understanding.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-200e440 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"200e440\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ec645dd\" data-id=\"ec645dd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f95090 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4f95090\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"Edumania-v3-i2-9Aa\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">About  The Author\n<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6df96b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6df96b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.56; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria,serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Thomas Akanbi BALOGUN is currently a Senior Lecturer in the department of European Languages Education, Emmanuel Alayande University of Education Oyo, Oyo State Nigeria. His areas of interest include Phonetic and Phonology, Applied linguistics and pedagogy.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6efe8ef elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6efe8ef\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f9e9a05\" data-id=\"f9e9a05\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d7a3dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d7a3dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cite this Article<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-384f5e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"384f5e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">APA 7th Edition:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> Balogun, T. A. (2025). Songs and music as tools for effective teaching and learning of french as foreign language in nigeria. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Edumania-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">(2), 135\u2013151. <\/span><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/edumania\/9122\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #0563c1; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/edumania\/9122<\/span><\/a><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">MLA 9th Edition:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> Balogun, Thomas Akanbi. &#8220;Songs And Music As Tools For Effective Teaching And Learning Of French As Foreign Language In Nigeria.&#8221; <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Edumania-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, vol. 3, no. 2, 2025, pp. 135-151. doi:10.59231\/edumania\/9122.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Chicago 17th Edition:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> Balogun, Thomas Akanbi. &#8220;Songs And Music As Tools For Effective Teaching And Learning Of French As Foreign Language In Nigeria.&#8221; <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Edumania-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> 3, no. 2 (2025): 135\u2013151. <\/span><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/edumania\/9122\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #0563c1; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/edumania\/9122<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ade6527 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ade6527\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-09c6622\" data-id=\"09c6622\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3422b27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3422b27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Statements and Declarations\n<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da1814e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"da1814e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Peer-Review Method:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> This article has undergone a double-blind peer-review process by two independent external reviewers with expertise in Applied Linguistics and Foreign Language Pedagogy. This process ensures the scholarly rigor, methodological validity, and practical effectiveness of using musical tools in the French language classroom.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Competing Interest:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> The author, Thomas Akanbi Balogun, declares that there are no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the research, analysis, or conclusions reported in this paper.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Data Availability:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> The qualitative data and pedagogical frameworks supporting the findings of this study regarding the use of songs in French instruction are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, adhering to institutional guidelines on academic data sharing.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Ethical Approval:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> This research adheres to the ethical standards of the Faculty of Arts, Emmanuel Alayande University of Education, Oyo. The study was conducted with respect for pedagogical integrity and follows the ethical guidelines for educational research involving instructional methodologies.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">License<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> \u00a9 2025 by Balogun, T. A. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license allows for the sharing and adaptation of the material, provided appropriate credit is given to the original author and the source. Published by the International Council for Education Research and Training (ICERT).<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Funding:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> This research was conducted as a scholarly project within the Department of European Languages Education, Emmanuel Alayande University of Education, Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria. No specific grants from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors were received for this study.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0db6659 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0db6659\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-447d73c\" data-id=\"447d73c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f81e9d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f81e9d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">References\n<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec2dc8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ec2dc8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Adjepong, B. (2018). Impact of singing experiences on professional practice: Narratives of five primary school teachers. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">International Journal of Education, Learning and Development<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">6<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(12), 31\u201337.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Adjepong, B. (2020). The value and importance of music to children\u2019s growth and development. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">25<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(4), 1\u20139.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Ara, S. (2009). Use of songs, Rhymes and Games in teaching English to young learners in Bangladesh. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Dhaka University Journal of Linguistics<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(3), 161\u2013172.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Awake. (1999, October). The power of music. &nbsp;A Semi-monthly Journal published by&nbsp;the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania p, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">15<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Awake. (2008, May). Music \u2013 God\u2019s gift to the heart. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">A semi-monthly<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\"> Journal published by&nbsp;the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania pp. 22\u201323.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Awake. (2011, August). The gift of music. A Semi-monthly Journal published by&nbsp;the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania p, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Bennett, P. A. (2019). The effects of music in the foreign language learning classroom. Retrieved June 18, 2021, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/www.researhgate.net\/publication\/334193554<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Relay Journal<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, 6\u201316. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37237\/relay\/020102\" style=\"text-decoration-line: none;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37237\/relay\/020102<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Berman, A. S. (2014). Music as a second language. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Teaching Music<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">21<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(4), 36\u201339.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Bokiev, D., Bokiev, D., Aralas, D., Ismail, L., &amp; Othman, M. (2018). Utilizing music and songs to promote student engagement in ESL classrooms. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">8<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(12), 314\u2013332. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6007\/IJARBSS\/v8-i12\/5015\" style=\"text-decoration-line: none;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6007\/IJARBSS\/v8-i12\/5015<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Brendan, O. (2019). Why is music important in language teaching. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">ESL songs for kids and teens<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">. Retrieved September 16, 2021, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">http:\/\/www.bridge.edu\/tefl<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Burke, N. (2013). <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">The use of recorded music in early childhood settings<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\"> [A Unpublished dissertation] Submitted in partial fulfillment of the award of M.A Education at the University of Central England.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Collins, H. M. (2013). The effects of Music on foreign language retention in elementary schools. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Honor Theses 151<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">. Retrieved June 18, 2021, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/aquila.usm.edu.edu\/honors_theses<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Degrave, P. (2019). Music in the foreign language classroom: How and why? <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Journal of Language Teaching and Research<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(3), 412\u2013420. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17507\/jltr.1003.02\" style=\"text-decoration-line: none;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17507\/jltr.1003.02<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Dion, C. 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Retrieved December 16, 2021, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/g.co\/kgs\/2irQ4P<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Dolean, D. 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The effects of teaching song during foreign language classes on students\u2019 foreign language anxiety. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Sage Journals<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">\u01c5ani\u0107, N. 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The effect of using songson young learners and their motivation for learning English. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">New Trends in Social and Liberal Sciences<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">1<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(2), 40\u201354.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Bawa, S., &amp; Sharma, Y. 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Moral Reasoning And Human Psychology: Exploring The Cognitive, Behavioural, Personality, Emotions &amp; Biological Underpinnings Of Ethical Choices. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">04<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(01), 369\u2013395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/sari7801<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Franzoni, A. L., &amp; Assar, S. (2009). \u2018Student Learning Styles Adaptation Method Based on Teaching Strategies and Electronic Media. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Educational Technology and Society<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, 12 (4), 15\u201329. Accessed on February 3, 2016 from <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">www.ifets.info\/journals\/12_4\/3.pdf<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\"> Ikediashi, A. (2003). \u201dThe psychology of learning languages by adults. In O.-M. Ndimele (Ed.) <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">In the Linguistic Paradise, A Festschrift for E. Nolue Emenajo<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Celebrity series Number 2<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\"> (pp. 367\u2013372). Emhai Printing Press.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Israel, H. F. (2013). Language learning enhanced by music and song. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Literacy Information and Computer Education Journal<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Special<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(1), 1360\u20131366. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20533\/licej.2040.2589.2013.0180\" style=\"text-decoration-line: none;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20533\/licej.2040.2589.2013.0180<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Sharma, T. (2024). A comparative study to assess the effect of sleep deprivation on cognitive function among adolescent\u2019s male and female in selected rural and urban areas of district Mohali, Punjab. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Edumania-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">02<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(04), 124\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/edumania\/9078<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Koch, S. (2017). <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">\u201cHow Music and Songs Boost Language Learning\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">. Retrieved September 14, 2021, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">http:\/\/exclusive.multibriefs.com<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Kopczynksi, K. (2021). Using music to learn foreign language like Spanish. American Public University\/EDGE. Retrieved September 16, 2021, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/apuedge.com\/wp-content\/upload\/Adobe\" style=\"text-decoration-line: none;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/apuedge.com\/wp-content\/upload\/Adobe<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Otosi, F., Faithpraise, F. O., &amp; Ubi, I. (2024). Exploring the Impact of Innovation practices, Technologies on the Operational Efficiency of Commercial Banks in Nigeria. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">03<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(04), 03\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/sari7743<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Kouri, A. S., &amp; Winn, J. (2006). Lexical learning in sung and spoken story contexts. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Child Language&nbsp;Teaching and Therapy<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">22<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(3), 293\u2013313.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Legg, R. (2009). Using music to accelerate language learning: An experimental study. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Research in&nbsp;Education<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">82<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(1), 1\u201312. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7227\/RIE.82.1\" style=\"text-decoration-line: none;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7227\/RIE.82.1<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Millington, N. T. (2011). \u2018Using Songs Effectively to Teach English to Young Learners\u2019 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">language Education in Asia<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(1), 134\u2013141.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Sarvaiya, S. (2025b). Best practices in sculpture making: Embracing sustainability and environmental concerns. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Edumania-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">03<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(01), 3\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/edumania\/9093<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Smith, L. (2015). Music: A tool for expressive and receptive vocabulary for children who are Deaf or Hard of HEARing. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">All graduate plan B and other reports<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">503<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">. Retrieved February 3, 2017, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/digitalcommons.usu.edu\/gradreport\/503<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Vishnevskaia, M., &amp; Zhou, Z. (2019). The impact of using music and songs on teaching EFL in China by non-native English teachers. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Universal Journal of Educational Research<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">7<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">(8), 1808\u20131813. Retrieved October 16, 2021, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13189\/ujer.2019.070819\" style=\"text-decoration-line: none;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13189\/ujer.2019.070819<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. (2013). <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">New world translation of the holy scriptures<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\"> (rev. ed.). Wallkill, NY.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Cambria, serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; white-space: pre; margin-left: -18pt; padding-left: 3.25pt;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Zhang, S. (2020). The positive influence of music on human brain. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">20<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap-mode: wrap;\">, 95\u2013104.<\/span><\/p><\/li>\n<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4638754 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4638754\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57d7fe9\" data-id=\"57d7fe9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Edumania-An International Multidisciplinary Journal Vol-03, Issue-2 (Apr-Jun 2025) An International scholarly\/ academic journal, peer-reviewed\/ refereed journal, ISSN : 2960-0006 Songs And Music As Tools For Effective Teaching And Learning Of French As Foreign Language In Nigeria Balogun, Thomas Akanbi Department of European Languages Education, Faculty of Arts, Emmanuel Alyande University of Education, OYO, OYO State, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"postBodyCss":"","postBodyMargin":[],"postBodyPadding":[],"postBodyBackground":{"backgroundType":"classic","gradient":""},"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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