{"id":15905,"date":"2025-08-16T07:11:49","date_gmt":"2025-08-16T06:11:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icertpublication.com\/?page_id=15905"},"modified":"2026-03-28T13:36:21","modified_gmt":"2026-03-28T08:06:21","slug":"global-crisis-on-nigeria-educational-system-an-unprecedented-challenge-for-stem-sustainability","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/global-crisis-on-nigeria-educational-system-an-unprecedented-challenge-for-stem-sustainability\/","title":{"rendered":"Global Crisis on Nigeria Educational System: An Unprecedented Challenge for Stem Sustainability"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"15905\" class=\"elementor elementor-15905\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0e2cede elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0e2cede\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-52c9966\" data-id=\"52c9966\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0124975 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0124975\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a62c33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1a62c33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vol-02, Issue-02 (Apr-Jun 2023)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-876fb2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"876fb2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">An International scholarly\/ academic journal, peer-reviewed\/ refereed journal, ISSN : 2959-1376<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea3b7b3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea3b7b3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a188d26\" data-id=\"a188d26\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b37a5a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b37a5a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Global Crisis on Nigeria\nEducational System: An\nUnprecedented Challenge for Stem\nSustainability<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7f4609 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7f4609\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Olaleye, Bolanle Omotoke, Awobodu, Victoria Yetunde;&nbsp;<\/p><p>Oginni, Aderonke Margaret, Ogunbanwo, Cecilia Mojisola&nbsp;<\/p><p>College of Science Education, Lagos State University of Education (LASUED), Oto-Ijanikin, Lagos.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b032a6c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b032a6c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-73ef2a1\" data-id=\"73ef2a1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c8b053 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c8b053\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Abstract<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a67884 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0a67884\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Teaching is an essential career that stimulates Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education. STEM education integrates concepts that are usually taught as separate subjects in different classes and emphasizes the application of knowledge to real life situations. This paper seeks to examine the unprecedented challenge for STEM sustainability based on global crisis on Nigeria educational system. The data were sourced from print, online resources and Researchers\u2019 personal observation. Inadequate budgetary, poor planning, insecurity as a result of high rate of recent insurgency in the country, inadequate professional teachers, high out of school children were identified as some of the unprecedented challenge facing STEM sustainability in the country. The paper therefore, recommends that educational administrators, government parastatals should consider the desirability to rescue the destructive label of STEM sustainability in Nigeria educational system.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: italic;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold;\">Keywords:\u00a0<\/span>Education, Globalization, sustainability, Instruction, Curriculum, Learning<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ab72f82 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ab72f82\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8ac2152\" data-id=\"8ac2152\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b4c8c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0b4c8c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cite this article<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-813d3a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"813d3a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">APA 7th Style<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Olaleye, B. O., Awobodu, V. Y., Oginni, A. M., &amp; Ogunbanwo, C. M. (2023). Global Crisis on Nigeria Educational System: An Unprecedented Challenge for Stem Sustainability. Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal, 02(02), 234\u2013244.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"color_18 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #384ad3;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: underline;\"><a class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7584<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><br class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" \/><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">MLA 9th Edition<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Olaleye, Bolanle Omotoke, et al. \u201cGlobal Crisis on Nigeria Educational System: An Unprecedented Challenge for Stem Sustainability.\u201d Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal, vol. 02, no. 02, Apr. 2023, pp. 234\u201344.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"color_18 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #384ad3;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: underline;\"><a class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7584<\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><br class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" \/><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Chicago Style<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Olaleye, Bolanle Omotoke, Victoria Yetunde Awobodu, Aderonke Margaret Oginni, and Cecilia Mojisola Ogunbanwo. \u201cGlobal Crisis on Nigeria Educational System: An Unprecedented Challenge for Stem Sustainability.\u201d Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal 02, no. 02 (April 19, 2023): 234\u201344.<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 15px;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold;\"><span class=\"color_18 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #384ad3;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 17px;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">\u00a0<span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: underline;\"><a class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7584<\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d22924a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d22924a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-667d3b6\" data-id=\"667d3b6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3026750 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3026750\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">About The Author<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f13a89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f13a89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\">Dr Bolanle Olaleye is an energetic and multi skilled Senior Lecturer in the Department of Chemistry, College of Science education at the Lagos State University of Education(LASUED), Nigeria . She completed her PhD at the Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia in 2012. Her Areas of research included: High school science teachers\u2019 skills and development, Developing and training students, teachers in institutions of higher learning and women in the society through entrepreneurial skills acquisition development project. She has passion for providing quality day-to-day classroom experiences for students through active engagement using series of hands-on activities and entrepreneurial skills development projects in chemistry to make students self-reliant in accordance with Nigeria\u2019s objectives for achieving a quality educational system. Bolanle has also received many prestigious awards and scholarships both at home and abroad which amongst are: academic awards of Endeavour International Post graduate Research Scholarship (EIPRS) and Edith Cowan University International Scholarship (ECUIS) in 2009 and recently, 2022 International Women\u2019s Day award as Winner of Influential Women in Education in Nigeria.<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\">Bolanle is currently, serving as the Acting Director, Center for General Studies, Skill Acquisition and Entrepreneurship since 1st of August, 2022 . Bolanle has been matched with many Mentees (at Master and PhD academic level) at Edith Cowan University (ECU) through the university career Alumni Mentoring Program since 2019 till 2022. Dr. Bolanle is also an adept writer and has published many books, Chapters and Proceedings and have also presented articles in both local and International conferences. Lastly, owing to Dr Bolanle\u2019s passion for students, she has supervised a large number of final year students with projects research both at the College and University level and she is a member of the Certified Teacher Registration Council of Nigeria.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-262237c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"262237c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1cf8f5c\" data-id=\"1cf8f5c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c8b9b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9c8b9b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\nImpact Statement<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e33942c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e33942c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">The global crisis, especially the COVID-19 pandemic, has had a significant impact on Nigeria&#8217;s educational system, especially in the areas of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) education. One of the most significant impact is the disruption of traditional classroom learning leading to a shift to remote or online learning. However, this shift has been challenging for many students and teachers due to inadequate access to technology, internet connectivity issues and a lack of digital literacy skills.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Additionally, this pandemic has exposed the longstanding challenges facing Nigeria&#8217;s educational system including insufficient funding, inadequate infrastructure and the shortage of qualified teachers, especially in STEM fields.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">These challenges have threatened the sustainability of STEM education in Nigeria, which is critical for the country&#8217;s economic growth and development. Without adequate investment in STEM education, Nigeria risks falling behind in the global technology race, which could have long-term implications for the country&#8217;s economic competitiveness. Therefore, it is crucial for the Nigerian government and other stakeholders to address these challenges and invest in STEM education to ensure its sustainability and relevance in the face of global crisis and future uncertainties.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b31ed0f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b31ed0f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ec1c38e\" data-id=\"ec1c38e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b907ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8b907ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">References<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cb9723 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7cb9723\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol class=\"font_8 color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #000000; margin-inline: 0.5em 0px; text-align: justify;\"><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Akinniyi, F. E., Olaleye, B. O., &amp; Ogunbanwo, C. M. (2017). A review of Science Practical Activities at Secondary School Level for Sustainability and National Development: Teacher Perception. National Conference Book of Proceedings of the School of Science (Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Oto-Ijanikin, Lagos, Nigeria), 116 &#8211; 129.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Akpan, Umoh, Udongwo (2018). Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development. 9(7), 1 &#8211; 13<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Aver, T. T. and Moji, S. E. (2021). Crisis in Nigeria\u2019s Educational Sector: The Need for Stakeholders\u2019 Intervention. Journal of Management and Social Sciences. 10(2), 1001 &#8211; 1016<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Chinyere, E. and Ejitu, N. (2017). The education sector and the crises of the Nigerian state. Journal of Asian development. 3(2), 23 &#8211; 42<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Ebbomien, P.A; Aguele, L.I; Oriahi, C.I and Ebbomien, S. E. (2013). Relevance of STEM for National Development. Nigerial Journals of Professional Teachers. Vol. 3, pp. 197 &#8211; 202<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Falako I. (2021). Why Nigeria\u2019s Educational System Is In Crisis. schoolscompass.com.ng<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Ntara and Bouchilon (2021). STEM Education \u2013 Concept and Purpose in study.com<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Nwachukwu, C. (2009). The relevance of STEM to development of entrepreneurial skills. Proceedings of 50th Annual Conference of Science Teacher Association of Nigeria. Page 312 &#8211; 324<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">OECD (2018): The future of education and skills education 2030, OECD Learning framework 2030,\u00a0<span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: underline;\"><a class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;\" href=\"mailto:education2030@oecd.org\" target=\"_self\">education2030@oecd.org<\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Ogunode, N. J.;Johnson, A. G; Olatunde-Ayedun, T. G. (2022). Education Crisis in Nigeria and Way Forward. Kresna Social Science and Humanities Research, Proceeding of the International Conference on Sustainable Development: Problems, Analysis and Prospects. Pp 33 \u2013 46<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Okeke and Chinwe (2017). Dialogue and Universalism. Theory and Practice. 27(2), 103 &#8211; 118<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Olaleye, J. O. (2019). Engineering ethics and environmental sustainability: Hurricane Katrina as a case study. Western Australia, Perth City.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Olaleye, B. O. (2021). Chemical Knowledge for Skill Acquisition: The panacea for eradicating poverty and national insecurity. A paper presented during National Conference of the School of Arts and Social Sciences (Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Oto-Ijanikin, Lagos, Nigeria), between 24th to 26th of august, 2021.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Olaleye, B. O. (2013). Enhancing Teachers\u2019 Knowledge for Teaching Chemistry with Multiple Representations in Nigerian Senior Secondary Schools. Publisher, Lambert Academic Publisher, Germany\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Oriafo, S. O.(2002).Refocusing STEM in Nigeria. A book of Readings. Agbor Kmensuo Educational Publishers<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Oyeniran, O. A.. Oyeniran, S. T., Oyeniyi, J. O., Ogundele, R. A., &amp; Ojo, A. O. (2020). E-Learning: Advancement in Nigeria Pedagogy Amid Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Advancement Technology.\u00a0 Vol 1, 85 &#8211; 94\u00a0<span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: underline;\"><a class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theeastafrican.co.ke\/scienceandhealth\/WHO-says-pandemic-far-%09from-%09over\/3073694-5573274-Ig4phoz\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.theeastafrican.co.ke\/scienceandhealth\/WHO-says-pandemic-far- from- over\/3073694-5573274-Ig4phoz\/index.html<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">World Bank (2017). Federal Republic of Nigeria World Bank Program-for-Results Financing Better education Service Delivery for all (BESDA), Environment and Social System.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; line-height: inherit; margin-inline: 1.3em 0px;\"><p class=\"font_8 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 17px; line-height: 23.8px; font-family: din-next-w01-light, sans-serif; color: #767676; letter-spacing: 0em; margin-block: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\"><span class=\"color_15 wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: arial, '\uff4d\uff53 \uff50\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af', 'ms pgothic', \ub3cb\uc6c0, dotum, helvetica, sans-serif;\">\u00a0U.S. Bureau of Labour Statistics (2022). Office of Occupational Statistics and employment Projections. Washington, DC 20212-0001,\u00a0<span class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: underline;\"><a class=\"wixui-rich-text__text\" style=\"background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bls.gov\/EMP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.bls.gov\/EMP<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9d44390 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9d44390\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa279c\" data-id=\"6fa279c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-647cec1 elementor-align-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"647cec1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/shodh-sari-2\/shodh-sari-an-international-multidisciplinary-journal-vol-02-issue-02-apr-jun-2023-2\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Back<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal Vol-02, Issue-02 (Apr-Jun 2023) An International scholarly\/ academic journal, peer-reviewed\/ refereed journal, ISSN : 2959-1376 Global Crisis on Nigeria Educational System: An Unprecedented Challenge for Stem Sustainability Olaleye, Bolanle Omotoke, Awobodu, Victoria Yetunde;&nbsp; Oginni, Aderonke Margaret, Ogunbanwo, Cecilia Mojisola&nbsp; College of Science Education, Lagos State University of Education (LASUED), Oto-Ijanikin, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"postBodyCss":"","postBodyMargin":[],"postBodyPadding":[],"postBodyBackground":{"backgroundType":"classic","gradient":""},"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15905","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15905","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15905"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15905\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30437,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15905\/revisions\/30437"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15905"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}