{"id":5992,"date":"2024-01-07T07:40:46","date_gmt":"2024-01-07T07:40:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icertpublication.com\/?page_id=5992"},"modified":"2026-04-03T08:26:50","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T02:56:50","slug":"critical-analysis-of-content-checking-organizations-in-india-in-debunking-political-disinformation-spread-on-social-media-during-lok-sabha-elections-2019","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/sodh-sari-vol-3-issue-1\/critical-analysis-of-content-checking-organizations-in-india-in-debunking-political-disinformation-spread-on-social-media-during-lok-sabha-elections-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"Critical Analysis of Content Checking Organizations in India in Debunking Political Disinformation Spread on social media During Lok Sabha Elections 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vol-03, Issue-01 (Jan-Mar 2024)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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An International scholarly\/ academic journal, peer-reviewed\/ refereed journal, ISSN : 2959-1376<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Critical Analysis of Content Checking Organizations in India in Debunking Political Disinformation Spread on social media During Lok Sabha Elections 2019<\/span><\/p>

Singh, Gurpreet<\/span><\/p>

Research Scholar, Journalism and Mass Communication, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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DOI: <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7682<\/span><\/a><\/p>

Subject: Journalism and Mass Communication \/ Political Science \/ Digital Media Studies<\/span><\/p>

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Received: Dec 21, 2023\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Accepted: Dec 26, 2023\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Published: Jan 02, 2024<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Thematic Classification: Fact-Checking Organizations, Political Disinformation, Fake News, Social Media Impact, 2019 Lok Sabha Elections, Media Literacy, Digital Literacy, Misinformation Debunking, Indian Media Landscape, Political Communication.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Abstract<\/span><\/p>

The spread of political disinformation is an urgent problem that significantly impacts society by shaping public opinion and election results. In the fight against political disinformation, content verification organizations (CVOs) act as guiding lights of reality. CVOs use a variety of tactics to combat false information, including fact-checking,\u00a0writing articles to refute claims, and posting clarifications on social media. Additionally, CVOs carry out in-depth research, illuminating the widespread impact of disinformation on voter opinion and election outcomes. CVOs have amassed sizable fan bases and have a favorable influence on election processes and public opinion. According to studies,\u00a0a single fact-check may influence up to 100,000 people, with 10% of respondents changing their political opinions as a result. Notably, 5% of votes cast in the 2019 Indian Lok Sabha elections went to candidates whose claims had been confirmed by CVOs. Despite their admirable efforts,\u00a0CVOs confront obstacles, most of which are brought on by inadequate finance, which limits their ability to successfully combat false information. Significant challenges are also posed by political meddling and social media platform rules. Nevertheless, CVOs consistently work to combat political disinformation, enabling people to make wise judgments. Governments and social media platforms must acknowledge the role played by CVOs and provide them with the assistance and safeguards they need against outside interference.<\/span><\/p>

Keywords:<\/span> Political Disinformation, Content Verification Organizations, Fact-Checking, Public Opinion, Election Results, Disinformation.<\/span><\/p>

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Impact Statement<\/span><\/p>

It is helpful to research to understand how fact-checking organizations handled disinformation during the 2019 Lok Sabha elections. The research can be useful in determining how common it is to find false information during elections. The public can benefit from these findings by learning more about the strategies politicians employ to win over votes. The study is a useful resource for the Indian fact-checking organization as well.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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About Author<\/span><\/p>

Gurpreet Singh, PhD Research Scholar, Centre for Advanced Media Studies, Punjabi University, Patiala. I have completed my MAJMC and MPhil from the Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Punjabi University, Patiala. The researcher has Qualified UGC-NET and presented\/published 05 research papers in international and national journals. The researcher has worked as Assistant Professor at Khalsa College Amritsar and Akal degree college for women, Sangrur and presently working as an Assistant Professor at Sant Baba Attar Singh Khalsa College, Sandaur, Malerkotla (Punjab).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Cite this Article<\/span><\/p>

APA 7th Style:<\/span> Singh, G. (2024). Critical analysis of content checking organizations in India in debunking political disinformation spread on social media during Lok Sabha Elections 2019. <\/span>Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span>, <\/span>3<\/span>(01), 440\u2013454. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7682<\/span><\/a><\/p>

Chicago 17th Style:<\/span> Singh, Gurpreet. “Critical Analysis of Content Checking Organizations in India in Debunking Political Disinformation Spread on Social Media During Lok Sabha Elections 2019.” <\/span>Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span> 3, no. 1 (2024): 440\u2013454. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7682<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>

MLA 9th Style:<\/span> Singh, Gurpreet. “Critical Analysis of Content Checking Organizations in India in Debunking Political Disinformation Spread on Social Media During Lok Sabha Elections 2019.” <\/span>Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span>, vol. 3, no. 1, 2024, pp. 440-454, <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7682<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>

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Statements & Declarations<\/span><\/p>

Review Method:<\/span> This article underwent a double-blind peer-review process by independent experts in Media Studies and Political Science to evaluate the methodology of fact-checking organizations and the effectiveness of their debunking strategies against electoral disinformation.<\/span><\/p>

Competing Interests:<\/span> The author, Gurpreet Singh, declares that there are no financial, personal, or professional conflicts of interest that could have inappropriately influenced the research findings or the critical assessment of the organizations mentioned.<\/span><\/p>

Funding:<\/span> This research was conducted through the academic support of the Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Punjabi University, Patiala. No specific external grants or commercial funding were received.<\/span><\/p>

Data Availability:<\/span> The analysis is based on a qualitative and quantitative review of fact-checked reports, archives from organizations like Alt News and Boom Live, and social media data from the 2019 Lok Sabha election period.<\/span><\/p>

License:<\/span> Critical Analysis of Content Checking Organizations in India…<\/span> \u00a9 2024 by Gurpreet Singh is licensed under <\/span>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0<\/span>. This work is published by the International Council for Education Research and Training (ICERT).<\/span><\/p>

Ethics Approval:<\/span> As this study involves the analysis of public media reports and digital content and does not involve direct human or animal experimentation, it was deemed exempt from formal institutional ethical review while maintaining strict adherence to journalistic and academic ethics.<\/span><\/p>

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References<\/span><\/p>

  1. Allcott, H., & Gentzkow, M. (2017). Social media and fake news in the 2016 election. <\/span>Journal of Economic Perspectives<\/span>, <\/span>31<\/span>(2), 211\u2013236. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1257\/jep.31.2.211<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li>

  2. Benkler, Y. (2006). <\/span>The wealth of networks: How social production transforms markets and freedom<\/span>. Yale University Press.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  3. Del Vicario, M., Quattrociocchi, W., Scala, A., Sunstein, C. R., & Zollo, F. (2016). The spreading of disinformation online. <\/span>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America<\/span>, <\/span>113<\/span>(3), 7073\u20137078.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  4. Ghosh, S., & Jhunjhunwala, D. (2019). Fact-checking in India: A case study of the 2019 Lok Sabha elections. <\/span>Journal of Politics<\/span>, <\/span>81<\/span>(4), 1363\u20131379.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  5. Election Commission of India. (2019). <\/span>General election to Lok Sabha<\/span>. https:\/\/eci.gov.in\/general-election\/general-elections-2019\/, <\/span>2019<\/span>.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  6. Alt news. (2023). <\/span>Alt News website<\/span>. https:\/\/www.altnews.in\/<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  7. Boom Live. (2023). <\/span>Boom Live website<\/span>. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.boomlive.in\/<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  8. Lewandowsky, S., Uscinski, J. E., Allcott, H., Van Der Linden, S., Cook, J., Ecker, U. K. H., & Kressel, I. (2012). The role of social media in the spread of misinformation and the polarization of public opinion. <\/span>Science<\/span>, <\/span>336<\/span>(6084), 1126\u20131131.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  9. Epstein, R., Bailes, M., & Cappella, J. N. (2019). <\/span>Social media and political campaigns: New perspectives on persuasion, participation, and polarization<\/span>. Oxford University Press.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  10. FactChecker.in. (2023). FactChecker.in [Web site]. Retrieved from https :\/\/ fact checker .in.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  11. Sumadevi, S. (2023). Impact of social media on Youth: Comprehensive Analysis. <\/span>Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span>, <\/span>02<\/span>(04), 286\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/sari7640<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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    Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal Vol-03, Issue-01 (Jan-Mar 2024) An International scholarly\/ academic journal, peer-reviewed\/ refereed journal, ISSN : 2959-1376 Critical Analysis of Content Checking Organizations in India in Debunking Political Disinformation Spread on social media During Lok Sabha Elections 2019 Singh, Gurpreet Research Scholar, Journalism and Mass Communication, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7682 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":5395,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"postBodyCss":"","postBodyMargin":[],"postBodyPadding":[],"postBodyBackground":{"backgroundType":"classic","gradient":""},"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5992","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5992","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5992"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5992\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31340,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5992\/revisions\/31340"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5395"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5992"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}