{"id":14123,"date":"2025-07-11T03:07:52","date_gmt":"2025-07-11T02:07:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icertpublication.com\/?page_id=14123"},"modified":"2026-04-03T10:22:56","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T04:52:56","slug":"myth-and-memory-the-representation-of-women-in-indigenous-storytelling-of-indian-culture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/2025\/07\/11\/myth-and-memory-the-representation-of-women-in-indigenous-storytelling-of-indian-culture\/","title":{"rendered":"Myth and Memory: The Representation of Women in Indigenous Storytelling of Indian Culture"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Vol-04, Issue-03(Jul-Sep 2025)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
An International scholarly\/ academic journal, peer-reviewed\/ refereed journal, ISSN : 2959-1376<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Myth and Memory: The Representation of Women in Indigenous Storytelling of Indian Culture\n<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Singh, Vandana<\/span><\/p>

Senior Assistant Professor and Head, P.G Department of English, Maharaja College, Ara India<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

DOI: <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7844<\/span><\/a><\/p>

Subject: Literature \/ Cultural Studies \/ Gender Studies<\/span><\/p>

Page No: 158-174<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Received: Feb 18, 2025<\/span><\/p>

Accepted: April 15, 2025<\/span><\/p>

Published: July 01, 2025<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Thematic Classification: Indigenous Storytelling, Indian Cultural Myths, Representation of Women, Oral Traditions, Cultural Memory, Gender and Folklore.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
Abstract\n<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

For cultural expression, identity preservation, and the generational transfer of age-old knowledge, indigenous storytelling is an essential means in India. The representation of women in Indian Indigenous stories is a profound and intricate subject that delves into the interplay of culture, identity, and history. Through oral traditions, myths, folktales, and contemporary narratives, these stories provide invaluable insights into the roles, perceptions, and experiences of women across diverse Indigenous communities in India. This exploration highlights not only the resilience and strength of women but also challenges dominant narratives shaped by colonial and patriarchal influences. This study also examines mythology and oral tradition that are integral to Indian culture, shaping its values, social structures, and historical consciousness. Indigenous storytelling reflects the roles and status of women, portraying them as goddesses, warriors, nurturers, and rebels. This paper explores the representation of women in Indian folklore, analysing their significance, spiritual authority, and societal implications, with a focus on figures like Draupadi, Sita, Mangal Chandi, and Hinglaj. It also examines how reinterpretation of these narratives impacts contemporary gender perspectives. The representation of women in Indian Indigenous stories is a testament to the resilience, strength, and complexity of Indigenous cultures. These narratives, rich in myth and memory, celebrate the diverse roles of women, challenge patriarchal and colonial stereotypes, and preserve vital cultural knowledge. As Indigenous communities continue to confront modern challenges, the stories of women play a crucial role in shaping identities and fostering a sense of belonging. By amplifying these voices and recognizing their significance, we contribute to a deeper understanding of the past, present, and future of Indigenous peoples in India. In essence, Indian Indigenous stories are more than mere tales; they are living embodiments of culture, identity, and resistance that resonate across generations, serving as powerful reminders of the integral role women play in the tapestry of life and society.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Keywords:<\/span> Indigenous Story-Telling, Myth, Memory, Oral Tradition, Performance Art, Digital Tools, Folklore, Reinterpretations, Intergenerational.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
Impact statement<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Research Impact Statement<\/span><\/p>

This research provides a thorough examination of how women are portrayed in Indian culture’s Indigenous storytelling traditions, shedding light on the ways that myth and memory influence gender narratives in a variety of groups. A more sophisticated understanding of gender roles, identities, and power dynamics inherent in Indigenous storytelling is made possible by the study’s critical analysis of oral histories, mythical stories, and cultural practices.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0Academic Impact<\/span>:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

The research contributes to the fields of Indigenous Studies, gender studies, and cultural anthropology by offering a thorough framework for examining how gender is portrayed in oral traditions. It promotes greater openness and variety in scholarly discourse by elevating Indigenous perspectives above dominant Western-centric narratives. The study promotes more interdisciplinary investigation by providing fresh approaches to analyzing mythological texts and storytelling customs.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span>Cultural and Societal Impact:<\/span><\/p>

The research supports attempts at cultural regeneration and preservation by highlighting the representation of Indigenous women in traditional stories. It draws attention to the diversity of Indigenous mythology and the value of preserving oral traditions that encode histories and gendered knowledge. The study also highlights the importance of storytelling in promoting gender parity in their communities and empowering Indigenous women.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Broader Impacts:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

In the end, this research highlights the importance of Indigenous women’s voices in cultural memory and myth, so fostering a more inclusive narrative environment. Policymakers, educators, and cultural practitioners are encouraged to acknowledge and value Indigenous storytelling as an essential site of gender discourse and cultural identity.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
About Author<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Dr. Vandana Singh, Senior Assistant Professor & Head, P.G Department of English has been working at Maharaja College since last 9 years, one month,18 days. After passing the Bihar-based BPSC Exam in 2017, she joined her current position as an Assistant professor after working at other Eminent College and Institutions. She is a Ph.D.in Diasporic Literature, UGC-Net Scholar. She has completed her Higher Studies from Patna Women\u2019s College, Patna and Post Graduation from Patna University. She is Alumnae of St. Joseph\u2019s Convent Girl\u2019s High School, Patna. She received her PGCTE from EFLU, Hyderabad.<\/span><\/p>

An essential figure in a student’s life, a teacher uses their expertise, patience, love, and care to give their entire life a strong shape. Any praise for their excellent job must always be detailed and magnified. For more than twenty-two years, Dr. Vandana Singh has inspired, motivated, and educated current and former students. She has attended several International\/National Conference and presented Papers. She has over 22 years of experience teaching English language, linguistics, literature, and communication. She has presented papers at a number of national and international conferences. She recently participated and presented a paper at UNSW, Sydney, Australia, in the month of May 2025. Her paper won the Best Outstanding Paper Award (Offline). In 2024, her paper won the Best Oral Presentation Award at the International Scientific Research Conference-2024 in Bangkok, Thailand. She is the author of multiple works that have been published in indexed national and international journals. She has authored a book and recently published a book as editor as well She has organized national and international seminars\/conferences. Besides this, she has conducted several Workshops\/lectures\/Training as Invited Resource person in and around the Nation. She has also published paper in US.\u00a0She is the editor of a book on ecofeminism and ecocritical issues that was released as First Edition in October 2024. She has reviewed several research papers for <\/span>South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Special Interests and Area of Research:<\/span><\/p>

Language and Communication-Effective\/Business (Audio-Visual Training), Translation Studies, Environmental Studies, Geo-critical and Eco critical Studies, Black Literature, Diasporic Studies, Cross-Cultural Studies-Postcolonial, Indian English Studies Gender\/Cultural Studies Research and Teaching Creative Writing Text-Translation and Interpretation, Material Development and Evaluation (Language and Literature), Research and Innovation.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
Cite this Artilce\n<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

APA 7th Style<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Singh, V. (2025). Myth and memory: The representation of women in indigenous storytelling of Indian culture. <\/span>Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span>, <\/span>4<\/span>(03), 158\u2013174. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7844<\/span><\/a><\/p>

Chicago 17th Style<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Singh, Vandana. “Myth and Memory: The Representation of Women in Indigenous Storytelling of Indian Culture.” <\/span>Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span> 4, no. 3 (2025): 158\u2013174. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7844<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>

MLA 9th Style<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Singh, Vandana. “Myth and Memory: The Representation of Women in Indigenous Storytelling of Indian Culture.” <\/span>Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span>, vol. 4, no. 3, 2025, pp. 158-174, <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7844<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
Statements and Declarations\n<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Peer-Review Method:<\/span> This article underwent a double-blind peer-review process by two independent external experts in Post-Colonial Literature and Gender Studies to ensure the critical depth and cultural sensitivity of the analysis.<\/span><\/p>

Competing Interests:<\/span> The author (Vandana Singh) declares that there are no financial, personal, or professional conflicts of interest that could have inappropriately influenced the research findings or the interpretations presented in this study.<\/span><\/p>

Funding:<\/span> This research was conducted as an independent scholarly project at Maharaja College, Ara. No specific external grants or commercial funding were received for this work.<\/span><\/p>

Data Availability:<\/span> The analysis is based on a qualitative review of indigenous oral traditions, mythological texts, and literary representations. All primary and secondary sources cited are available through public academic archives and institutional libraries.<\/span><\/p>

Licence:<\/span> Myth and Memory: The Representation of Women in Indigenous Storytelling of Indian Culture<\/span> \u00a9 2025 by Vandana Singh is licensed under <\/span>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0<\/span>. This work is published by the International Council for Education Research and Training (ICERT).<\/span><\/p>

Ethics Approval:<\/span> As this study is a theoretical and literary review focusing on cultural narratives and does not involve direct experimentation on human participants, it was deemed exempt from formal ethical review by the Institutional Research Committee of Maharaja College, Ara.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
References<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

  1. Banerjee Divakaruni, C. (2008). <\/span>The palace of illusions: Doubleday<\/span>.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  2. Bhattacharya, N. (2018). <\/span>The great epic of India: Character and ideology in the Mahabharata<\/span>. Penguin Books.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  3. https:\/\/books.google.co.in\/books?id=BSRXu4pcyCsC&pg=PR3&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=1#v=onepage&q&f=false<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  4. Dhand, A. (2009). <\/span>Woman as fire, woman as sage: Sexual ideology in the Mahabharata<\/span>. State University of New York Press. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9780791479889<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li>

  5. Google<\/span>. <\/span>https:\/\/www.google.co.in\/books\/edition\/Woman_as_Fire_Woman_as_Sage\/rCopAwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  6. Internet Archive<\/span>. <\/span>https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/women-and-the-hindu-tradition\/page\/120\/mode\/2up<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  7. Kinsley, D. R. (1998). <\/span>Hindu goddesses: Visions of the divine feminine in the Hindu religious tradition. Motilal BanarsiDass<\/span>.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  8. Mookerjee, A. (1988). <\/span>Kali: The feminine force<\/span>. Destiny Books.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  9. Pattanaik, D. (2000). <\/span>The goddess in India: The five faces of the eternal feminine. Inner traditions<\/span>.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  10. Ugagu, G. M. (2024). Assessment Of Health Knowledge, Practices and Risk Factors Associated with Intestinal Helminthes Among Students of Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma Oru East Local Government, Nigeria. <\/span>Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span>, <\/span>03<\/span>(04), 294\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/sari7763<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  11. Pauwels, H. R. (2008). <\/span>The goddess as role model: Sita and Radha in scripture and storytelling<\/span>. Oxford University Press.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  12. Muhammad, S., & Sarkin-Fada, M. A. (2024). Extolling The Role of Sociology of Education in Empowering Individuals with Disabilities in Nigeria. <\/span>Edumania-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span>, <\/span>02<\/span>(03), 74\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/edumania\/9057<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  13. Sarkar, T. (2003). <\/span>Hindu wife, Hindu nation: Community, religion, and cultural nationalism. Orient Blackswan<\/span>.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  14. Ankita, A. (2024). Education and empowerment of women in Ancient India: Exploring a glorious past. <\/span>Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span>, <\/span>03<\/span>(03), 347\u2013362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/sari7738<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  15. Sharma, A. (2011). <\/span>Women in Indian mythology: Narratives, images, and interpretations. Motilal Banarsidass<\/span>.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  16. C, P. (2024). Breaking Barriers: Higher Education Institutions and Transgender Empowerment under NEP-2020. <\/span>Edumania-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span>, <\/span>02<\/span>(04), 164\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/edumania\/9081<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  17. Rani, R. (2024). Contribution of Savitribai Phule to women empowerment, education and social issues. <\/span>Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span>, <\/span>03<\/span>(03), 60\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/sari7718<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  18. Volga. (2016). <\/span>The liberation of Sita<\/span>. HarperCollins.<\/span><\/p><\/li>

  19. Wadley, S. S. (1977). Women and the Hindu tradition. <\/span>Signs<\/span>, <\/span>3<\/span>(1), 113\u2013125. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/493444<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBack<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal Vol-04, Issue-03(Jul-Sep 2025) An International scholarly\/ academic journal, peer-reviewed\/ refereed journal, ISSN : 2959-1376 Myth and Memory: The Representation of Women in Indigenous Storytelling of Indian Culture Singh, Vandana Senior Assistant Professor and Head, P.G Department of English, Maharaja College, Ara India DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/SARI7844 Subject: Literature \/ Cultural Studies \/ […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"postBodyCss":"","postBodyMargin":[],"postBodyPadding":[],"postBodyBackground":{"backgroundType":"classic","gradient":""},"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-shodh-sari-vol-04-issue-03-jul-sep-2025"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14123"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31852,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14123\/revisions\/31852"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icert.org.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}