A Comprehensive Assessment of Fabaceae Family Plant Diversity and Ecological Dynamics at Raichur District Karnataka, India
Deenadayal, Theophilus1 and Aalum, Khursheed 2
1Research Scholar, Department of Botany, Sunrise University, Alwar, Rajasthan, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Sunrise University, Alwar, Rajasthan, India
ORCID: 0009-0005-9548-2907
Abstract
The Fabaceae family, also known as the Leguminosae, is one of the most ecologically and economically significant plant families. It plays a crucial role in biodiversity conservation, soil fertility enhancement, and agricultural sustainability. The present study aims to document and analyze the distribution and diversity of Fabaceae species in Raichur District, Karnataka, India. Understanding the floristic composition and ecological preferences of this family is essential for effective conservation planning and sustainable land use management. A total of 88 species belonging to the Fabaceae family were recorded across diverse ecological habitats, including forests, grasslands, agricultural fields, and roadside vegetation. The species were identified using standard taxonomic methods, and their spatial distribution was analyzed to assess habitat preferences and environmental adaptability. Key genera recorded in the study include Albizia, Crotalaria, Indigofera, Senna, Tephrosia, and Vigna, among others. The findings highlight that Fabaceae species contribute significantly to nitrogen fixation, soil stabilization, and serve as fodder and medicinal resources. While many species are widely distributed, some are habitat-specific and require targeted conservation measures. The study also identifies major threats to Fabaceae diversity, such as habitat destruction due to agricultural expansion, urbanization, and deforestation. Conservation recommendations include habitat protection, afforestation initiatives, and sustainable land-use policies to maintain ecological balance and biodiversity. This research serves as a baseline for future ecological studies and biodiversity conservation strategies in Raichur District and beyond. The documentation of Fabaceae species distribution and habitat preferences provides valuable insights for policymakers, conservationists, and researchers striving to protect plant biodiversity in semi-arid regions.
Keywords: Fabaceae, Biodiversity, Raichur, Indigofera, Conservation
Impact Statement
The study on Fabaceae plant diversity in Raichur District, Karnataka, provides critical insights into the ecological significance and conservation needs of this essential plant family. By documenting 88 species across diverse habitats, the research enhances our understanding of floristic composition and environmental adaptability. The findings underscore the vital role of Fabaceae species in nitrogen fixation, soil stabilization, and as valuable fodder and medicinal resources. Additionally, the study highlights habitat-specific species that require targeted conservation strategies due to threats like urbanization, deforestation, and agricultural expansion. The research contributes to biodiversity conservation efforts by recommending habitat protection, afforestation, and sustainable land-use policies. This work serves as a foundational resource for policymakers, conservationists, and researchers, promoting ecological balance and sustainability in semi-arid regions. Ultimately, the study aids in shaping future biodiversity strategies, ensuring the long-term preservation of Fabaceae species and their ecological contributions.
About Authors
Theophilus Deenadayal is a PhD Research Scholar in the Department of Botany at Sunrise University, Alwar, Rajasthan, India. His research focuses on Plant Taxonomy, Ecology, and Biodiversity at Raichur Karnataka India, contributing to advancements in botanical sciences.
Dr. Khursheed Aalum is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Botany at Sunrise University, Alwar, Rajasthan, India. With extensive experience in the field of Botany, he has been actively involved in research and academia, guiding scholars in various botanical studies.
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